Allergy reactions to vaccine ingredients
Sensitization as defined by the Oxford Concise Medical Dictionary: n. Alteration of responsiveness of the body to the presence of foreign substances. In the development of an allergy, an individual becomes sensitized to a particular allergen and reaches a state of hypersensitivity. The phenomena of sensitization are due to the production of antibodies.
[Vaccinated children had more eczema, asthma hay fever and food allergy]
Bernsen RM, Nagelkerke NJ, Thijs C, van der Wouden JC. Reported
pertussis infection and risk of atopy in 8- to 12-yr-old vaccinated and
non-vaccinated children.
Department of General Practice, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center
Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. roos.bernsen@uaeu.ac.ae
Pertussis infection has been suspected to be a potential causal factor in the
development of atopic disease because of the effect of pertussis immunization on
specific IgE antibodies. Although several studies found a positive association
between pertussis infection and atopic disorders, this relationship has not yet
been studied in a population stratified by vaccination status. To assess the
association between pertussis infection and atopic disorders in pertussis-unvaccinated
children and in pertussis-vaccinated children. Using data from a previously
conducted study on the relationship between the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-(inactivated)
poliomyelitis vaccination in the first year of life and atopic disorders, the
study population of 1872 8-12 yr old was divided into children pertussis-unvaccinated
and children pertussis-vaccinated in the first year of life. Within each group,
the association between pertussis infection and atopic disorders (both as
reported by the parents) was assessed. In the unvaccinated group, there were no
significant associations between pertussis infection and atopic disorders. In
the vaccinated group, all associations between pertussis infection and atopic
disorders were positive, the associations with asthma [odds ratio (OR) = 2.24,
95% confidence interval (CI(95%)): 1.36-3.70], hay fever (OR = 2.35, CI(95%):
1.46-3.77) and food allergy (OR = 2.68, CI(95%): 1.48-4.85) being significant.
There was a positive association between pertussis infection and atopic
disorders in the pertussis vaccinated group only. From the present study, it
cannot be concluded whether this association is causal or due to reverse
causation.
Aukrust
L, et al. Severe hypersensitivity or intolerance reactions to
measles vaccine in six children. Clinical and immunological studies. Allergy. 1980
Oct;35(7):581-7. PMID: 7468944; UI: 81131462.
Beck
SA, et al. Egg hypersensitivity and measles-mumps-rubella vaccine
administration. Pediatrics. 1991 Nov;88(5):913-7. PMID: 1945631; UI:
92051058.
Kelso JM, et al. Anaphylaxis from yellow fever vaccine. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 Apr;103(4):698-701. PMID: 10200022; UI: 99216472.
Kelso JM, et al (1993) Anaphylaxis to measles, mumps, and
rubella vaccine mediated by IgE to gelatin. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1993 Apr;91(4):867-72
Allergic reactions to measles, mumps, and bnrubella (MMR) vaccine are rare;
some have been attributed to allergy to trace quantities of egg proteins. We report a
17-year-old female who had an anaphylactic reaction to MMR vaccine. A primary vaccination
with MMR at age 15 months had been uneventful. She is not allergic to eggs; however, ear
and throat pruritus and tongue swelling develop after she eats gelatin. MMR vaccine
contains gelatin as a stabilizer. METHODS AND RESULTS: Prick skin tests were positive to
1:10 wt/vol dilutions of MMR vaccine and gelatin but negative to egg. By immunoassay, her
serum IgE antibodies were elevated to both MMR vaccine and gelatin, but not to isolated
MMR antigens. IgE binding to the gelatin carrier could be inhibited in a dose-dependent
fashion by addition of not only MMR vaccine but also gelatin from a variety of animal
sources. Immunoblotting confirmed the presence of IgE antibodies to multiple gelatin
components as well as to MMR vaccine components. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the patient
has an anaphylactic sensitivity to gelatin, and that her anaphylaxis to MMR vaccine was
caused by the gelatin component. This sensitivity may explain other cases of MMR
anaphylaxis.
Businco L. Measles, mumps, rubella immunization in egg-allergic children: a long-lasting debate. Ann Allergy. 1994 Jan;72(1):1-3. No abstract available.PMID: 8291742; UI: 94121309.
Rietschel
RL, et al. Neomycin sensitivity and the MMR vaccine. JAMA. 1981 Feb 13;245(6):571. No
abstract available.PMID: 7452881; UI: 81096863.
Sakaguchi
M, et al. Food allergy to gelatin in children with systemic immediate-type
reactions, including anaphylaxis, to vaccines. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1996 Dec;98(6 Pt
1):1058-61. PMID: 8977505; UI: 97132048.