Avian leukosis virus
Vaccine contamination citations

Arshad SS, Howes K, Barron GS, Smith LM, Russell PH, Payne LN. Tissue tropism of the HPRS-103 strain of J subgroup avian leukosis virus and of a derivative acutely transforming virus. Vet Pathol 1997 Mar;34(2):127-37. PMID 9066079.

Hussain AI, Shanmugam V, Switzer WM, Tsang SX, Fadly A, Thea D, Helfand R, Bellini WJ, Folks TM, Heneine W. Lack of evidence of endogenous avian leukosis virus and endogenous avian retrovirus transmission to measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine recipients. Emerg Infect Dis 2001 Jan-Feb;7(1):66-72. PMID 11266296. Full article text available at www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol7no1/hussain.htm

Payne LN, Biggs PM, Chubb RC, Bowden RS. Contamination of egg-adapted canine distemper vaccine by avian leukosis virus. Vet Rec 1966 Jan 8;78(2):45-8. PMID 4285488.

Johnson ES, Overby L, Philpot R. Detection of antibodies to avian leukosis/sarcoma viruses and reticuloendotheliosis viruses in humans by western blot assay. Cancer Detect Prev 1995;19(6):472-86. PMID 8925516.

Johnson JA, Heneine W. Characterization of endogenous avian leukosis viruses in chicken embryonic fibroblast substrates used in production of measles and mumps vaccines. J Virol 2001 Apr;75(8):3605-12. PMID 11264350.

Tauraso NM, et al.    Yellow fever vaccine. I. Development of a vaccine seed free from contaminating avian leukosis viruses.Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1968 Apr;127(4):1116-20. No abstract available.PMID: 4297696; UI: 68281850.

Tsang SX, Switzer WM, Shanmugam V, Johnson JA, Goldsmith C, Wright A, Fadly A, Thea D, Jaffe H, Folks TM, Heneine W. Evidence of avian leukosis virus subgroup E and endogenous avian virus in measles and mumps vaccines derived from chicken cells: investigation of transmission to vaccine recipients. J Virol 1999 Jul;73(7):5843-51. PMID 10364336.