Gary Matsumoto
[back] Anthrax
vaccine
[back]
Gulf War Syndrome
Gary Matsumoto, a journalist based in New York City, has reported from thirty-two different countries on five continents, covered two wars and five popular uprisings, and won ten journalism awards. He has been the London Bureau Manager and Chief Foreign Correspondent for NBC Radio News; a National Correspondent for NBC's Weekend Today Show and Senior Correspondent for the Fox News Channel. As a broadcaster, he has covered events ranging from the toppling of the Communist Party in Eastern Europe to Desert Storm, the Tiananmen Square massacre to the death of Princess Diana. He has written about the anthrax letter attacks for the Washington Post and Science magazine. His 1998 article in Vanity Fair was the first to draw the connection between the anthrax vaccine and Gulf War Syndrome.
SQUALENE ADJUVANT TOXICITY IN ANIMALS
[2009 July] Swine Flu Shot May Rely on Emergency Use of Additives
See: Squalene Anthrax vaccine
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Quotes
The British press baron, Lord Northcliffe once said that
journalism is "what somebody somewhere wants suppressed; the rest is just
advertising." I wrote VACCINE A in the belief that information about the
toxicity of squalene has been systematically ignored, if not suppressed, while
we preoccupy ourselves with latest on Michael Jackson and Jessica Simpson. These
days, journalism busies itself with what Lord Northcliffe would probably dismiss
as advertising; celebrity coverage, for instance, is a form of advertising, I
think. Celebrities are a kind of brand, a commodity that is mass marketed
through stories on shows like Access Hollywood, The Today Show, Good Morning
America, Dateline, 20/20 and 60 Minutes. Such stories build "brand awareness"
for "commodities" like Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes, Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie.
Brand awareness of Tom Cruise sells tickets to War of the Worlds; publicizing
the Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie brands boosts the box office for Mr and Mrs
Smith, and so on. Seen in this light, publicity is advertising. And, in all
fairness to the shows that air celebrity stories, the public has an insatiable
appetite for them.
http://forums.perseusbooksgroup.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=321&sid=62e338af82d9ba4f1bc4cbe7654a1373
"Tri-Mix" or "Triple Mix" was the U.S. Army designation in the
late 1980s for the squalene emulsion adjuvant now sold by Corixa under the
commercial name Ribi Adjuvant System or RAS. Scientists at Fort Detrick began
working with this emulsion "vehicle" in 1987 (NIH scientists had been working
with squalene emulsions since the late 1970s). As I report in Chapter Three of
my book, by 1989 - a year before Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm -
Army scientists believed they had succeeded in creating a new, faster-acting
anthrax vaccine that induced the same amount of immunity in guinea pigs with one
shot of the new vaccine as did three shots of the licensed vaccine.
The new vaccine was formulated with
Tri-Mix adjuvant as well as De-Tox and Syntex Adjuvant Formula I (which were
emulsified in either squalene or its more stable, hydrogenated form, squalane).
The chief pharmaceutical ingredient in the new vaccine was a more highly
purified protective antigen (PA) protein, or fragments or "sub-units" of PA. In
parallel research, Fort Detrick also constructed various "chimeras" - genetic
engineered hybrid microbes that would biosynthesize protective antigen without
any trace of the other two anthrax toxin proteins.
Theoretically, this would make the
new vaccine less "reactogenic" (less likely to induce unpleasant side effects),
but it also made it weaker. Previous data from military scientists in both the
United States and Britain had already shown that the immune system responded to
a wide array of Bacillus anthracis components: all three toxin proteins (PA, LF
and EF), to structures called "epitopes" found on the anthrax capsule, the
surface of anthrax vegetative cells and the surface of spores.
By design, all of these epitopes
were missing from the new vaccine, which was less reactogenic but, predictably,
less immunogenic. It required a new and more powerful adjuvant: one of the new
generation oil emulsions. Around 1994, Fort Detrick concluded that the non-spore
forming Delta Sterne variant of Bacillus anthracis made the most efficient
platform for making recombinant protective antigen, now called rPA102.
Protective antigen made from this
system was emulsified principally with MF59 - an adjuvant made from squalene in
water, but without a bacterial component. In 1998, the British scientists at the
Center for Applied Microbiological Research at Porton Down adopted the formula
for the U.S. "second generation" anthrax vaccine, but added the Ribi Adjuvant
System (the old Triple-Mix adjuvant) instead of MF59. According to relatively
recent briefings given by Col Arthur Friedlander (U.S. Army, ret.) to senior
military officers, Fort Detrick has continued to study the effects of rPA102
when combined with Tri-Mix/RAS, Syntex Adjuvant Formula and MF59.
Army scientists are still testing
rPA102 with alum (the only vaccine adjuvant licensed in the U.S. for human use),
Walter Reed Liposomes (made with cholesterol, and sometimes with squalene and
monophosphoryl Lipid A), and QS-21. The NIH-approved clinical trials with rPA102
are with alum only. The anti-squalene antibodies in retired and active duty
military personnel are evidence that the Army has been acquiring safety and
efficacy data for the new vaccine, combined with squalene emulsion adjuvants, by
ethically dubious means. All this, and a lot more, is recounted in the book in
much greater detail. Please read the whole book, not just parts of it, to fully
understand the basis of the very serious charge that the Department of Defense
has been conducting covert medical experiments on troops to "fast track" its new
anthrax vaccine.
Since those early discussions with Craig and Bob, many military personnel have reported developing DVTs following anthrax vaccination. Some military medical specialists are tracking this. Since 1998, when the Department of Defense began administering anthrax vaccine lots proven to be tainted by nanodoses of squalene, many service members have reported developing post-vaccination autoimmune vasculitis, Churg's Strauss syndrome, endocarditis, myocarditis, collagen vascular disease, cardiomyopathy, polyarteritis nodosa and cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Most of these adverse reactions are listed on the package insert for Biothrax (the licensed human anthrax vaccine). However, as NBC's Craig White reported to me, as have military personnel, the military draws anthrax vaccine in the field from multi-dose aliquots that do not come with a package insert for service members to read. Secret adjuvant in new avian flu vaccine
I discuss the British findings, briefly, in Chapter Twelve, pg 250. A highly regarded British laboratory, Scientific Analyses Ltd. (SAL Ltd.) in Manchester, tested samples of British-made anthrax vaccine for the Granada Television network and found a thirty-six parts per billion concentration of squalene in two lots of the British vaccine. That is a fairly close match for the concentration found in one of the five lots confirmed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to contain squalene. Lot #FAV 043, according to the FDA, contained forty parts per billion. What is also noteworthy is the specific test used by SAL Ltd. to detect squalene in anthrax vaccine: flame ionization/gas chromatography. This is the same test used by the FDA. Interestingly, a laboratory the U.S. Army sub-contracted to test the vaccine, SRI, used a much less sensitive analysis called liquid chromatography, which would have been incapable of finding squalene in the concentrations present in either the U.S. or British anthrax vaccines. SRI has a long business association with the Department of Defense and an unanswered question is whether SRI deliberately chose to use a test that would invariably fail to find low concentrations squalene in the vaccine and thus allow the U.S. Department of Defense to declare its anthrax vaccine squalene-free, which it did. Gary Matsumoto http://www.vaccine-a.com/forum.html
For the past half century, peer-reviewed scientific research has documented how
animals injected with oil-based adjuvants develop a variety of hypersensitive
(allergic) and autoimmune diseases. They also develop cysts. This has also
proven true in humans. In the 1960s, nearly a million people in England were
immunized with an influenza vaccine containing an oil based adjuvant. I believe
the oil was mineral oil. The manufacturer voluntarily withdrew the vaccine from
the market when approximately 40 patients developed sterile (non-infectious)
cysts that in some cases had to be surgically removed. I am unaware of any
research showing how quickly cysts can develop after immunization with an oil
adjuvant.
.....Military personnel injected
with anthrax vaccine containing squalene have been reporting that they developed
cysts, appearing all over their bodies. Among the first to report this were Air
Force personnel at Dover Air Force Based in Delaware, which had received at
least four lots of anthrax vaccine containing squalene. One fellow developed
cysts all over his body, including his pericardium. Another fellow developed
them on his spinal cord. These cysts were similar to those in British civilians
injected with the flu vaccine containing mineral oil, because they were
"sterile" - they were not associated with viral or bacterial infection.
[2006] Formation of Cysts
from Squalene Adjuvant?
GSK's proprietary adjuvant is called ASO4. It contains alum and MPL. MPL
stands for monophosphoryl lipid A. The U.S. Army's proprietary (unlicensed)
adjuvant developed prior to the first Gulf War for use in a second generation
anthrax vaccine was called Tri-Mix or Triple Mix. Tri-Mix contained MPL (monophosphoryl
lipid A) and squalene. After the war, Army scientists considered MPL to be too
toxic, so they began working with Chiron Corporation of Emeryville, CA to
develop an adjuvant that contained squalene and water only ... on the assumption
that adjuvant toxicity with Tri-Mix was due to MPL. This assumption also proved
incorrect. There are more than two dozen animal studies that generated data
demonstrating squalene's ability to induce autoimmunity; and there is disputed
evidence that nanodoses of squalene in anthrax vaccine sickened countless
military personnel who received squalene-tainted vaccine during AVIP.
Back to ASO4 and MPL. MPL was also
a component of the Ribi Adjuvant System ( I haven't checked whether it still
is). The Ribi Adjuvant System, or RAS, is a derivative of Tri-Mix, which is
approved for use in animals only.
As far as I know, there is no
existing data showing whether MPL elicits an immune response specific to it. If
MPL is immunogenic, it raises the possibility of a dangerous "cross reaction."
The human body is full of lipids. Antibodies and immune cells responding to MPL
might also respond to other lipids in the body, thus breaking tolerance for
endogenous lipids (those native to the human body) and initiating autoimmunity.
Secret adjuvant in new avian flu vaccine