Geier, MR and Geier, DA
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Mark Geier                                David Geier


"In my view, this is not a scientific issue. This is about as proven an issue as you’re ever going to see, and what’s occurring here is a cover up under the guise of protecting the vaccine program. And I’m for the vaccine program. You keep covering it up and your not going to have a vaccine program," Geier

[2014] Methodological Issues and Evidence of Malfeasance in Research Purporting to Show Thimerosal in Vaccines Is Safe.  Brian Hooker, Janet Kern, David Geier, Boyd Haley, Lisa Sykes, Paul King, and Mark Geier
The purpose of this review is to examine these six publications [21–26] which were “overseen” by the CDC and which claim that prenatal and early childhood vaccine-derived Thimerosal exposures are not related to the risk of a subsequent diagnosis of autism or autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This review analyzes possible reasons why their published outcomes are so different from the results of investigations by multiple independent research groups over the past 75+ years. The review begins with an examination of the Madsen et al. [21] study.

[2013] Kern, J.K.; Haley, B.E.; Geier, D.A.; Sykes, L.K.; King, P.G.; Geier, M.R. Thimerosal Exposure and the Role of Sulfation Chemistry and Thiol Availability in Autism. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2013, 10, 3771-3800.   The evidence suggests that the abnormal sulfation chemistry, limited thiol availability, and decreased GSH reserve capacity could explain why the adverse effects of TM are greater in a subpopulation of children with this susceptibility and why the subsequent brain insult is more pronounced in them, as has been shown repeatedly in the animal model. Furthermore, it has recently been demonstrated that polymorphisms in glutathione-related genes modify Hg concentrations and antioxidant status in human subjects environmentally exposed to Hg [165].
    With the rate of children diagnosed with an ASD in the US now exceeding 1 in 50 children [166] and the rate of children with neurodevelopmental/behavioral disorders in the US now exceeding 1 in 6 children [167], and the preceding evidence showing that there is vulnerability to TM that would not be known without extensive testing, the preponderance of the evidence indicates that TM should be removed from all vaccines. 

[2010 July] The Avalanche of New Mercury-Autism Studies by Mark Geier, MD, PhD & David Geier

[2008] Key realities about autism, vaccines, vaccine-injury compensation, Thimerosal, and autism-related research----Gary S. Goldman, Ph.D & P.G. King PhD.

Video interview

DA Geier et al, Neurodevelopmental disorders, maternal Rh-negativity, and Rho(D) immune globulins: a multi-center assessment  Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2008 Apr;29(2):272-80 This study associates TCR exposure with some NDs in children

[pdf June 2008] David A. Geier et al.  11 June 2008 "A Prospective Study of Transsulfuration Biomarkers in Autistic Disorders" Neurochemical Research DOI 10.1007/s11064-008-9782-x

[2007] The Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A: Current Issues, an authoritative journal featuring original toxicological research, has published, "A Case Series of Children with Apparent Mercury Toxic  Encephalopathies Manifesting with Clinical Symptoms of Regressive Autistic Disorders," by Geier and Geier (2007).
This new study leaves little doubt there is a direct causal link between mercury exposure from Thimerosal-preserved biological products (vaccines and Rho(D) products) and mercury poisoning diagnosed as an autism spectrum disorder (ASD).http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/medicalnews.php?newsid=69427

[2006 pdf] "Influenza Vaccination: Review of Effectiveness of the U.S. Immunization Program, and Policy Considerations," by David A. Geier, Paul G. King, and Mark R. Geier. J Am Phys SurgJ Am Phys Surg, Fall 2006.

False information in DeStefano/Rhodes response to M. Geier 24 March 2004

[pdf] Geier D, Geier M. The true story of pertussis vaccination: a sordid legacy? J Hist Med Allied Sci. 2002 Jul;57(3):249-84.
http://www3.oup.co.uk/jalsci/hdb/Volume_57/Issue_03/pdf/570249.pdf?DID=1721191473605346

Thimerosal in Childhood Vaccines, Neurodevelopment Disorders, and Heart Disease in the United States  Mark R. Geier, M.D., Ph.D. and David A. Geier (pdf)

[Feb 2004] Study (Verstraeteten et al.) Misses Link Between Thimerosal and Neurodevelopmental Disorders 23--Mark & David Geier

Jan 2004  A Review of the Relationship between Thimerosal and Autism. 

[2003 pdf] Mark R. Geier, MD, PhD; David A Geier.  Pediatric MMR Vaccination Safety
 
Geier DA, King PG, Geier MR. Influenza Vaccine: Review of effectiveness of the U.S. immunization program, and policy considerations. J Am Phys Surg 2006; 11(3):69–74 and the supporting studies referenced therein.

Geier MR and Geier DA. Gastrointestinal adverse reactions following anthrax vaccination: an analysis of the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS) database. Hepatogastroenterology. 2004 May-Jun;51(57):762-7.

Geier, MR and Geier, DA, "Thimerosal in Childhood Vaccines, Neurodevelopment Disorders, and Heart Disease in the United States," JAPS, Vol 8(1);Spring 2003:6-10.

Geier DA, Geier MR. A prospective study of Thimerosal-containing Rho(D)-immune globulin administration as a risk factor for autistic disorders. J Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Med. 2007 May; 20(5):385–90.

Geier DA, Sykes LK, Geier MR.A review of Thimerosal (merthiolate) and its ethylmercury breakdown product: specific historical considerations regarding safety and effectiveness. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev. 2007 Dec.; 10(8):575–96.

Thimerosal (Merthiolate) is an ethylmercury-containing pharmaceutical compound that is 49.55% mercury and that was developed in 1927. Thimerosal has been marketed as an antimicrobial agent in a range of products, including topical antiseptic solutions and antiseptic ointments for treating cuts, nasal sprays, eye solutions, vaginal spermicides, diaper rash treatments, and perhaps most importantly as a preservative in vaccines and other injectable biological products, including Rho(D)-immune globulin preparations, despite evidence, dating to the early 1930s, indicating Thimerosal to be potentially hazardous to humans and ineffective as an antimicrobial agent. Despite this, Thimerosal was not scrutinized as part of U.S. pharmaceutical products until the 1980s, when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration finally recognized its demonstrated ineffectiveness and toxicity in topical pharmaceutical products, and began to eliminate it from these. Ironically, while Thimerosal was being eliminated from topicals, it was becoming more and more ubiquitous in the recommended immunization schedule for infants and pregnant women. Furthermore, Thimerosal continues to be administered, as part of mandated immunizations and other pharmaceutical products, in the United States and globally. The ubiquitous and largely unchecked place of Thimerosal in pharmaceuticals, therefore, represents a medical crisis.  PMID: 18049924 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Geier DA, Geier MR.A case series of children with apparent mercury toxic encephalopathies manifesting with clinical symptoms of regressive autistic disorders. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2007 May 15; 70(10):837–51.

Geier DA, Geier MR. A prospective study of Thimerosalcontaining Rho(D)-immune globulin administration as a risk factor for autistic disorders. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2007 May; 20(5):385–90.

Geier DA, Geier MR.A case series of children with apparent mercury toxic encephalopathies manifesting with clinical symptoms of regressive autistic disorders. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2007 May 15; 70(10):837–51.

Geier DA, Geier MR. A meta-analysis epidemiological assessment of neurodevelopmental disorders following vaccines administered from 1994 through 2000 in the United States. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2006 Aug.; 27(4) 401–13.

Geier DA, Geier MR. An evaluation of the effects of Thimerosal on neurodevelopmental disorders reported following DTP and Hib vaccines in comparison to DTPH vaccine in the United States. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2006 Aug.; 69(15):1481–95.

Geier DA, Geier MR.A two-phased population epidemiological study of the safety of Thimerosal-containing vaccines: a followup analysis. Med Sci Monit. 2005 April; 11(4):CR160–70. Epub 2005 Mar 24.

David A Geier, Mark R Geier MD PhD. Chronic adverse reactions associated with hepatitis B vaccination. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy 2002: Vol. 36, No. 12, pp. 1970–1971.
In conclusion, our study demonstrates that adult HBV is statistically associated not only with acute neuropathy, neuritis, myelitis, vasculitis, thrombocytopenia, gastrointestinal disease, multiple sclerosis, and arthritis, but some of these patients go on to develop chronic adverse reactions that persist for at least 1 year following HBV. These types of chronic adverse reactions following adult HBV should be discussed with patients contemplating being immunized with HBV and should be included in the differential diagnosis of those who develop them following adult HBV.

Geier DA, Geier MR.   A one year follow up of chronic arthritis following rubella and hepatitis B vaccination based upon analysis of the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS) database.   Clin Exp Rheumatol 2002 Nov-Dec;20(6):767-71.   MedCon, Inc., Silver Spring, Maryland, USA. mgeier@erols.com

OBJECTIVES: This analysis examined the incidence rate of chronic arthritis adverse reactions reported following adult rubella and hepatitis B vaccinations. In this analysis, etiologic mechanisms for chronic arthritis following adult rubella and hepatitis B vaccines were also explored. METHODS: The Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS) database was analyzed for the incidence rate of reported cases of chronic arthritis in comparison to Tetanus-diphtheria (Td) and tetanus toxoid adult vaccine control groups. RESULTS: Chronic arthritis adverse reactions following adult rubella vaccination were primarily reported in females (female/male ratio = 3.0), at about 45 years-old, and at a mean onset time of 10-11 days following vaccination. Chronic arthritis adverse reactions following adult hepatitis B vaccination were also primarily reported in females(female/male ratio = 3.5), at about 33 years-old, and with a mean onset time of 16 days following vaccination. The incidence rates of chronic arthritis following adult rubella and adult hepatitis B vaccinations were statistically significantly increased, by chi 2 analysis, in comparison to the adult vaccine control groups. The attributable risk of chronic arthritis following adult rubella vaccine ranged from 32 to 53 and from 5.1 to 9.0 following adult hepatitis B vaccine in comparison to the adult vaccine control groups. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that adult rubella and adult hepatitis B vaccines were statistically associated with chronic arthritis which persisted for at least one year. The etiology for these adverse reactions may involve autoimmune mechanisms. Furthermore, potential biases in the reporting rates of adverse reactions to VAERS were not observed.   PMID: 12508767 [PubMed - in process]

External
"A Review of Thimerosal (Merthiolate) and Its Ethylmercury Breakdown Product: Specific Historical Considerations Regarding Safety and Effectiveness"

"A prospective assessment of androgen levels in patients with autistic spectrum disorders: biochemical underpinnings and suggested therapies"

"Neurodevelopmental Disorders After Thimerosal-Containing Vaccines -A Brief Communication (VAERS Database)"

"A Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of MMR Immunization and Thimerosal on the Population Prevalence of Autism (US Dept. of Education - Ecological Study)"

"A Meta-Analysis Study (VAERS Database)"

"A Prospective Study of Rho Immune Globulin as a Risk Factor for Autism (Assessment of Autism Clinic Database - Case-Control Study)"

"A Two-Phased Population Epidemiological Study of the Safety of Thimerosal-Containing Vaccines (VAERS & VSD Databases)"

"An Assessment of Downward Trends Following Thimerosal Removal (VAERS Database - Ecological Study"

"An Assessment of the Impact of Thimerosal on Childhood Neurodevelopmental Disorders (VAERS Database & US Dept. of Education data - Ecological Study)"

"An Evaluation of the Effects of Thimerosal on Neurodevelopmental Disorders (VAERS Database)"

"Early Downward Trends in Neurodevelopmental Disorders Following Removal of Thimerosal1 (VAERS Database, and data from California Dept. of Developmental Services & US Dept. of Education - Ecological Study)"

"Neurodevelopmental Disorders Following TCVs - A Follow-up Analysis (VAERS Database)

Thimerosal in Childhood Vaccines - Neurodevelopmental Disorders - Heart Disease in the United States (VAERS Database, and US Dept. of Education - Ecological Study with a review of early Verstraten documents from his study of the VSD Database)"

"A Case-Control Study of Mercury Burden in Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders"

"A Case-Series of Children with Mercury Toxic Encephalopathies"

"Published Hormone Research Article 2006"

"Published Mercury and Testosterone Medical Hypothesis"

"Evolving views on the causes of autistic spectrum disorders"

"Response to Critics"

"Thimerosal Does Not Belong in Vaccines"

"Study Misses Link Between Thimerosal and Neurodevelopmental Disorders"

"Geier and Geier Lancet Published Letter"

"Parents Fears About Thimerosal"

"Response to Comments by JR Mann"